CVE-2026-40342

CRITICAL EPSS 48.2%
Published Apr 17, 20262mo ago · Modified Jun 17, 20262w ago
9.9 CVSS 3.1
Critical
Find Similar
Published Apr 17, 2026 2mo ago
Last Modified Jun 17, 2026 2w ago

Description

Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

CVSS Details

Base Score
9.9
Exploitability
3.1
Impact
6.0
Vector string
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack Vector Network
Attack Complexity Low
Privileges Required Low
User Interaction None
Scope Changed
Confidentiality High
Integrity High
Availability High

Threat Intelligence

EPSS Exploit Probability
48.2% percentile
Exploit & Patch Status
Public Exploit Known
No Patch Available

Weaknesses 4

CWE-22 Path Traversal Resource Mgmt
CWE-427
CWE-73
CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code (Code Injection) Injection

Affected Products 3

VendorProductVersionRange
firebirdsqlfirebird* <3.0.14
firebirdsqlfirebird*≥4.0.0  –  <4.0.7
firebirdsqlfirebird*≥5.0.0  –  <5.0.4

References 4

  • github.com https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v3.0.14
    Release Notes
  • github.com https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v4.0.7
    Release Notes
  • github.com https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/releases/tag/v5.0.4
    Release Notes
  • github.com https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/security/advisories/GHSA-7pxc-h3rv-r257
    ExploitVendor Advisory

Remediation

No remediation data recorded yet

Check vendor advisories and the NVD entry for patch availability.