CVE-2025-65855
MEDIUM EPSS 0.4%
Published Dec 17, 20256mo ago · Modified Jun 17, 20261w ago
6.6 CVSS 3.1
Published Dec 17, 2025 6mo ago
Last Modified Jun 17, 2026 1w ago
Description
The OTA firmware update mechanism in Netun Solutions HelpFlash IoT (firmware v18_178_221102_ASCII_PRO_1R5_50) uses hard-coded WiFi credentials identical across all devices and does not authenticate update servers or validate firmware signatures. An attacker with brief physical access can activate OTA mode (8-second button press), create a malicious WiFi AP using the known credentials, and serve malicious firmware via unauthenticated HTTP to achieve arbitrary code execution on this safety-critical emergency signaling device.
CVSS Details
Base Score
Exploitability
Impact
Vector string
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Attack Vector Physical
Attack Complexity Low
Privileges Required None
User Interaction Required
Scope Unchanged
Confidentiality High
Integrity High
Availability High
Threat Intelligence
EPSS Exploit Probability
0.4% percentile
Exploit & Patch Status
No Known Exploit
No Patch Available
Weaknesses 3
CWE-319
CWE-494
CWE-798 Use of Hard-coded Credentials Authentication
Affected Products 2
References 2
- docs.espressif.com https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/v4.3.2/
- luismirandaacebedo.github.io https://luismirandaacebedo.github.io/CVE-2025-65855/
Remediation
No remediation data recorded yet
Check vendor advisories and the NVD entry for patch availability.