CVE-2025-54887

CRITICAL EPSS 13.9%
Published Aug 8, 202510mo ago · Modified Jun 17, 20262w ago
9.1 CVSS 3.1
Critical
Find Similar
Published Aug 8, 2025 10mo ago
Last Modified Jun 17, 2026 2w ago

Description

jwe is a Ruby implementation of the RFC 7516 JSON Web Encryption (JWE) standard. In versions 1.1.0 and below, authentication tags of encrypted JWEs can be brute forced, which may result in loss of confidentiality for those JWEs and provide ways to craft arbitrary JWEs. This puts users at risk because JWEs can be modified to decrypt to an arbitrary value, decrypted by observing parsing differences and the GCM internal GHASH key can be recovered. Users are affected by this vulnerability even if they do not use an AES-GCM encryption algorithm for their JWEs. As the GHASH key may have been leaked, users must rotate the encryption keys after upgrading. This issue is fixed in version 1.1.1.

CVSS Details

Base Score
9.1
Exploitability
3.9
Impact
5.2
Vector string
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Attack Vector Network
Attack Complexity Low
Privileges Required None
User Interaction None
Scope Unchanged
Confidentiality High
Integrity High
Availability None

Threat Intelligence

EPSS Exploit Probability
13.9% percentile
Exploit & Patch Status
No Known Exploit
No Patch Available

Weaknesses 1

CWE-354

References 2

  • github.com https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwe/commit/1e719d79ba3d7aadaa39a2f08c25df077a0f9ff1
  • github.com https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwe/security/advisories/GHSA-c7p4-hx26-pr73

Remediation

No remediation data recorded yet

Check vendor advisories and the NVD entry for patch availability.