CVE-2025-27104

LOW EPSS 33.0%
Published Feb 21, 20251y ago · Modified Jun 17, 20262w ago
2.3 CVSS 4.0
Low
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Published Feb 21, 2025 1y ago
Last Modified Jun 17, 2026 2w ago

Description

vyper is a Pythonic Smart Contract Language for the EVM. Multiple evaluation of a single expression is possible in the iterator target of a for loop. While the iterator expression cannot produce multiple writes, it can consume side effects produced in the loop body (e.g. read a storage variable updated in the loop body) and thus lead to unexpected program behavior. Specifically, reads in iterators which contain an ifexp (e.g. `for s: uint256 in ([read(), read()] if True else [])`) may interleave reads with writes in the loop body. Vyper for loops allow two kinds of iterator targets, namely the `range()` builtin and an iterable type, like SArray and DArray. During codegen, iterable lists are required to not produce any side-effects (in the following code, `range_scope` forces `iter_list` to be parsed in a constant context, which is checked against `is_constant`). However, this does not prevent the iterator from consuming side effects provided by the body of the loop. For SArrays on the other hand, `iter_list` is instantiated in the body of a `repeat` ir, so it can be evaluated several times. This issue is being addressed and is expected to be available in version 0.4.1. Users are advised to upgrade as soon as the patched release is available. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

CVSS Details

Base Score
2.3
Exploitability
Impact
Vector string
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Attack Vector Network
Attack Complexity Low
Privileges Required Low
User Interaction None
Scope X

Threat Intelligence

EPSS Exploit Probability
33.0% percentile
Exploit & Patch Status
Public Exploit Known
Patch Available

Weaknesses 1

CWE-662

Affected Products 1

VendorProductVersionRange
vyperlangvyper* <0.4.1

References 2

  • github.com https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/pull/4488
    Issue TrackingPatch
  • github.com https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/security/advisories/GHSA-h33q-mhmp-8p67
    ExploitVendor Advisory

Remediation

  • github.com https://github.com/vyperlang/vyper/pull/4488
    Issue TrackingPatch