CVE-2025-12044

HIGH EPSS 40.0%
Published Oct 23, 20258mo ago · Modified Jun 17, 20262w ago
7.5 CVSS 3.1
High
Find Similar
Published Oct 23, 2025 8mo ago
Last Modified Jun 17, 2026 2w ago

Description

Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”) are vulnerable to an unauthenticated denial of service when processing JSON payloads. This occurs due to a regression from a previous fix for [+HCSEC-2025-24+|https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-24-vault-denial-of-service-though-complex-json-payloads/76393]  which allowed for processing JSON payloads before applying rate limits. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-12044, is fixed in Vault Community Edition 1.21.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.16.27, 1.19.11, 1.20.5, and 1.21.0.

CVSS Details

Base Score
7.5
Exploitability
3.9
Impact
3.6
Vector string
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Attack Vector Network
Attack Complexity Low
Privileges Required None
User Interaction None
Scope Unchanged
Confidentiality None
Integrity None
Availability High

Threat Intelligence

EPSS Exploit Probability
40.0% percentile
Exploit & Patch Status
No Known Exploit
No Patch Available

Weaknesses 1

CWE-770

Affected Products 5

VendorProductVersionRange
hashicorpvault*≥1.16.25  –  <1.16.27
hashicorpvault*≥1.18.14  –  ≤1.18.15
hashicorpvault*≥1.19.9  –  ≤1.19.11
hashicorpvault*≥1.20.3  –  <1.20.5
hashicorpvault*≥1.20.3  –  <1.21.0

References 1

  • discuss.hashicorp.com https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-31-vault-vulnerable-to-denial-of-service-due-to-rate-limit-regression/76710
    Vendor Advisory

Remediation

No remediation data recorded yet

Check vendor advisories and the NVD entry for patch availability.